Traditionally they were used as tools to connect with spirits and 
ancestors. Later the social development, especially the religious influences (Hinduism, Buddhism, Islam, and Christianity) shape how masks are used in different cultures.
There are different forms of masks in various trines in Indonesia. Each has unique significance based in the local socio-historical contexts. For instance, in Java the shapes of eyes, nose, mouth, and the basic colors of the masks may carry different meanings; red for bravery, white shows sacredness or purity, green for fertility or everlasting life, while other colors are difficult to generalize.
Masks serve the spiritual, religious, educational, and entertainment functions. Some cultures still believe that masks have some supernatural/magical power that can protect them from evil spirits. In more modern
families, masks have decorative purposes, or signify the cultural affiliation of the families.
Masks are used very often in dances. Mask dances are very popular in Java and Bali. It is said that a mask dancer has to marry his or her character. There is usually a special ritual before the mask is worn. In fact, the dancer's soul must be unified with the masks.
In Bali, a mask dancer has a very high respectable status in the society.
He or she is the teacher (sometimes is regarded as the divine educator), philosopher, exorcist, as well as an entertainer. Thus, to be a good mask dancer in Bali, one has to master philosophy and social life besides knowing how to sing, dance, and narrate in multiple voices.
Let's watch some videos.
A Javanese Twin Mask Dance Video (Click)
A Balinese Topeng (Mask) Dance (Click)
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